NLēthéon

Distributed Systems 101

Explore the architecture, design patterns, and challenges in decentralized networks through interactive examples and real-world applications.

Core Principles

  • 🔷 CAP Theorem tradeoffs
  • 🔷 Eventual consistency patterns
  • 🔷 Quorum systems
  • 🔷 Distributed consensus algorithms

Design Patterns

Chain Replication

A sequential consistency model ensuring ordered operations across geographically distributed systems.

Sagas

Long-running transactions broken into microsteps with compensating actions for fault tolerance.

Event Sourcing

Storing state as a series of events to rebuild state and debug complex system behaviors.

System Design

Sharding

Partition data across multiple nodes to improve scalability while maintaining fault tolerance.

Leader Election

Mechanisms like Raft or Paxos used to coordinate distributed consensus in partitioned systems.

State Machines

Using deterministic state transitions to ensure consistent behavior across distributed nodes.

Service Mesh

Managing network traffic, security, and observability across microservices in distributed architectures.

Common Challenges

Network Partitions

Dealing with split-brain scenarios when subnets lose communication during network failures.

Time Synchronization

Achieving logical ordering of events using vector clocks and hybrid logical clocks.

Consistency Models

Balancing performance and correctness through different consistency guarantees like eventual, causal, or strong.

Fault Tolerance

Designing systems to gracefully handle node failures without data loss or inconsistency.