Phonetics
April 15, 2025
Ancient Greek phonetics (φωνή) refers to the study of the sounds used in the Greek language of antiquity. This page explores the unique phonetic system of classical Greek, emphasizing how vowel and consonant articulation differed from modern Greek and other ancient languages.
Key Components
Vowel System
Classical Greek had five long vowels and five short vowels, each distinct in length and pitch.
Consonant Clusters
Ancient Greek used complex consonant cluster patterns, such as in "πλ" (πληγή) and "σκ" (σκῦλος).
Historical Application
The phonetic rules of ancient Greek were crucial for accurate recitation of poetry and epic texts, such as Homer's "Iliad". The pitch accent system and breathings ("ἁ" and "ἂ") played a significant role in oral and written communication.
- Pitch accents for tonal expression
- Pneumata (breathing signs) indicating initial breath
- Long-short vowel distinctions in meter