Sustainable Web Development

Minimize code size and reduce execution time to save energy. This includes:

• Minify and compress JavaScript/CSS
• Use lean frameworks features and avoid bloat
• Employ tree shaking and dead-code elimination
• Implement lazy loading for non-critical paths

Optimized media delivery is critical—images account for 60-80% of total web bytes. Best practices include:

Choose environmentally conscious hosting providers who:

• Use renewable energy sources
• Offer carbon offset programs
• Implement efficient cooling systems
• Utilize liquid immersion cooling (where available)

Look for certifications like Energy Star or the Green Web Foundation seal when choosing hosting services.

Faster websites use less energy per load. Key strategies:

• Implement HTTP/3 and QUIC protocols
• Use efficient caching strategies
• Prefer critical CSS and defer non-critical
• Optimize JavaScript execution
• Reduce repaints and layout shifts

Use tools like Lighthouse and WebPageTest to audit and monitor performance improvements.

Design for efficiency without compromising usability:

• Use dark mode to save energy on OLED displays
• Implement selective animations
• Optimize for low bandwidth connections
• Minimize page elements and complexity
• Design for keyboard navigation and ARIA compliance